メインコンテンツまでスキップ

01 - Business Transformation

Project Management​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.3 Management of Transformation Activities > Program / Project Management
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.2 Product Management > Product Scope and Priority Management

Project Planning & Estimation​

  • Project management - The process of leading the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints
    • Critical chain project management - A method of planning and managing projects that emphasizes the resources (people, equipment, physical space) required to execute project tasks
    • Gantt Chart - A bar chart illustrating a project schedule, displaying tasks on the vertical axis and time intervals on the horizontal axis, with bar widths indicating activity durations and often showing task dependencies
    • Program evaluation and review technique (PERT) - A statistical tool used in project management to analyze and represent the tasks involved in completing a project
    • Work breakdown structure - A deliverable-oriented breakdown of a project into smaller components
    • RACI matrix - A responsibility assignment matrix (RAM)... describes the participation by various roles in completing tasks or deliverables for a project or business process
      • Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed
    • Software development effort estimation - The process of predicting the most realistic amount of effort (expressed in terms of person-hours or money) required to develop or maintain software based on incomplete, uncertain and noisy input
      • Hofstadter's law - A self-referential adage about the difficulty of accurately estimating the time required to complete complex tasks
      • Three-point estimation - A technique used in project management to estimate the likely duration or cost of an activity
      • Planning poker - A consensus-based, gamified technique for estimating, mostly used for timeboxing in Agile principles
    • Systems development life cycle (SDLC) - A conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project

Prioritization​

  • Prioritization - The activity that arranges items or activities in order of urgency
    • RICE - A simple scoring system for product prioritization that stands for Reach, Impact, Confidence, and Effort
    • Kano model - A theory for product development and customer satisfaction developed in the 1980s by Noriaki Kano
    • MoSCoW method - A prioritization technique used in management, business analysis, project management, and software development

Tools​

  • Issue Tracking & Project Management

    • Jira - A software application used for issue tracking and project management that helps teams plan, assign, track, report, and manage work
      • JiraCLI - An interactive command line tool for Atlassian Jira that will help you avoid Jira UI to some extent
    • Asana - The platform for human and AI collaboration that helps teams coordinate work and keep projects moving
    • Notion - An all-in-one workspace for notes, docs, wikis, projects, and collaboration that combines knowledge management with task and project tracking
    • Trello - A visual collaboration tool that creates a shared perspective on any project using boards, lists, and cards to organize tasks
    • Airtable - A platform that combines the flexibility of a spreadsheet with the power of a database to help teams manage their work
    • Fizzy - A modern spin on kanban for tracking anything such as bugs, issues, ideas, and small projects
    • GitLab Issue Board - A user interface that displays issues in columns that correspond to their workflow statuses
    • GitLab Service Desk - A feature that enables you to connect with users through email, without requiring them to have a GitLab account
    • Azure Boards - A service that provides a customizable platform for managing work items, allowing teams to collaborate effectively and streamline their workflow
    • GitHub Issues - A tracking tool that helps you manage your work on GitHub
    • Redmine - A free and open source, web-based project management and issue tracking tool

  • Team Collaboration & Communication

    • Slack - A cloud-based team collaboration platform that brings conversations, tools, and files together in one place
    • Microsoft Teams - A collaboration platform that combines workplace chat, meetings, file storage, and application integration
    • Discord - A voice, video, and text communication service used by communities, friend groups, and businesses to stay connected
    • Mattermost - An open source collaboration platform for developers, offering secure messaging, project management, and workflow orchestration
    • Zoom - A video communications platform that provides video meetings, voice calls, webinars, and chat
    • Twilio - A customer engagement platform that provides programmable communication tools for making and receiving phone calls, sending and receiving text messages, and performing other communication functions
    • Dropbox - A file hosting service that offers cloud storage, file synchronization, personal cloud, and client software
    • Box - An enterprise cloud content management platform that enables organizations to securely manage and share content while collaborating with internal and external users

Standards & Maturity​

Product Management​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.2 Product Management > Requirement Analysis and Management
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.2 Product Management > Product Vision / Roadmap Formulation
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.2 Product Management > Marketing
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.3 Management of Transformation Activities > Product Lifecycle Management

Product Strategy​

  • Product management - The business process of planning, developing, launching, and managing a product or service
  • Lean startup - A methodology for developing businesses and products that aims to shorten product development cycles and rapidly discover if a proposed business model is viable
  • Crowdfunding - The practice of funding a project or venture by raising money from a large number of people, typically via the internet
  • Business model - The rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value, in economic, social, cultural or other contexts
    • Direct-to-consumer - A business model of selling products directly to customers and thereby bypassing any third-party retailers, wholesalers, or intermediaries
    • Subscription business model - A business model in which a customer must pay a recurring price at regular intervals for access to a product or service
    • Business model canvas - A strategic management template for developing new or documenting existing business models
    • Lean Canvas - A one-page business modeling tool for entrepreneurs to quickly outline their business idea
  • IT service management - The activities that are performed by an organization to design, build, deliver, operate and control information technology (IT) services offered to customers
  • Tools
    • Linear - A purposeful tool for product development, featuring issues, cycles, and product roadmaps
    • Aha! - A suite of product development software that helps teams build and market products customers love
    • ServiceNow - A cloud-based, AI-powered platform for digital workflows that connects people, functions, and systems across the enterprise
    • Gamma - A new medium for presenting ideas, powered by AI
  • Related Standards

Requirements Analysis​

  • Requirements analysis - The process of determining the needs or conditions to meet for a new or altered product or project, taking account of the possibly conflicting requirements of the various stakeholders
    • Requirement - A documented need of what a product or service should be or do
      • Non-functional requirement - A requirement that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors
  • Related Standards

Marketing & Customer Experience​

  • Marketing - A process of acquiring, satisfying, and retaining customers, often involving creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for various stakeholders
    • SEO - The process of improving the quality and quantity of website traffic to a website or a web page from search engines
    • Marketing mix - A foundation model for businesses, historically centered around product, price, place, and promotion
    • Fear of missing out (FOMO) - The feeling of apprehension that one is either not in the know about or missing out on information, events, experiences, or life decisions that could make one's life better
    • Fear, uncertainty, and doubt (FUD) - A manipulative propaganda tactic used in sales, marketing, public relations, politics, polling, and cults
    • Tag management
      • Google Tag Manager - A tag management system that allows you to quickly and easily update measurement codes and related code fragments known as tags on your website or mobile app
    • Analytics tools
      • Google Analytics - The go-to platform for millions of website and app owners seeking to gain a deeper understanding of their website and app performance
      • Plausible - Intuitive, lightweight and open source web analytics
      • Umami - A simple, fast, privacy-focused alternative to Google Analytics
      • Ackee - Self-hosted, privacy-focused analytics tool for those who care about privacy
    • User experience research
      • Card sorting - A method used to help design or evaluate the information architecture of a site
      • A/B testing - A way to compare multiple versions of a single variable, for example by testing a subject's response to variant A against variant B, and determining which of the variants is more effective
      • Diary studies - A research method in which people record their experiences and activities over time
    • Advertising
      • Indicators
        • Click through rate - The ratio of users who click on a specific link to the number of total users who view a page, email, or advertisement
        • Conversion rate - The percentage of users who take a desired action
      • Platforms
        • Google Ads - An online advertising platform where advertisers bid to display brief advertisements, service offerings, product listings, or videos to web users
        • Google AdSence - A program run by Google through which website publishers in the Google Network of content sites serve text, images, video, or interactive media advertisements that are targeted to the site content and audience
    • Experiment platform
      • Optimizely - A leading digital experience platform (DXP) that provides a single, unified platform that offers you the scalability and security you need to drive your business into the future
    • Email Distribution & Marketing
      • SendGrid - A cloud-based email delivery platform that provides reliable transactional and marketing email delivery at scale
      • Mailchimp - An all-in-one marketing platform for small businesses that helps manage and talk to clients, customers, and audiences with email marketing
      • listmonk - Self-hosted newsletter and mailing list manager
      • BillionMail - An open-source MailServer and email marketing solution that is fully self-hosted and dev-friendly
    • Concepts and Frameworks
      • Brand - A name, term, design, symbol or any other feature that distinguishes one seller's goods or service from those of other sellers
      • Customer experience - A customer's cognitive, emotional, sensory, and behavioral responses during all stages of interaction with a product or service
      • Customer service - The assistance and advice provided by a company to those who buy or use its products or services, either in person or remotely
      • Design thinking - The set of cognitive, strategic and practical processes by which design concepts are developed
      • User experience - A person's emotions and attitudes about using a particular product, system or service
      • Value chain - A progression of activities that a business or firm performs in order to deliver goods and services of value to an end customer.
    • Tools for Strategy
      • Value proposition canvas - A tool to help you create products and services customers want
      • Persona - A fictional character created to represent a user type relationship
    • Tools for Ideation
      • Affinity diagram - A business tool used to organize ideas and data
      • Brainstorming - A group creativity technique by which efforts are made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously contributed by its members
      • SCAMPER - A structured way of assisting students to think out of the box and enhance their knowledge

Metrics & Performance​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.2 Product Management > Design and Operation of Product Performance Metrics
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.1 Strategy Understanding and Architecture Design > Business Value Definition / ROI Estimation and Decision Support

Goal Setting Frameworks​

  • Goal setting - The process of developing an action plan designed to motivate and guide a person or group toward a goal
    • SMART goals - A mnemonic acronym, used to guide in the setting of objectives or goals, for example in project management, employee-performance management and personal development
      • Specific: Targeting a particular area for improvement
      • Measurable: Quantifying, or at least suggesting, an indicator of progress
      • Assignable: Defining responsibility clearly
      • Realistic: Outlining attainable results with available resources
      • Time-related: Including a timeline for expected results
    • FAST goals - A framework for goals that are Frequently discussed, Ambitious in scope, Specific in metrics, and Transparent for everyone to see
    • GROW model - A simple method for goal setting and problem solving
    • OKRs - A goal-setting framework used by individuals, teams, and organizations to define measurable goals and track their outcomes
    • KPIs - A type of performance measurement used to evaluate the success of an organization or of a particular activity (such as projects, programs, products and other initiatives) in which it engages
    • Goodhart's law - An adage often stated as, "When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure"

Performance Measurement​

  • Net Promoter Score - A market research metric that is based on a single survey question asking respondents to rate the likelihood that they would recommend a company, product, or a service to a friend or colleague
  • Rubric - A scoring tool used to evaluate the quality of responses
  • SPACE framework - A framework that provides a way to think about developer productivity in a more holistic way, encompassing Satisfaction and well-being, Performance, Activity, Communication and collaboration, and Efficiency and flow
  • The Four Keys of DORA - A set of metrics used to measure DevOps performance, consisting of Deployment Frequency, Lead Time for Changes, Change Failure Rate, and Time to Restore Service

Enterprise Strategy & Architecture​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.1 Strategy Understanding and Architecture Design > Understanding of Business Environment and Management Strategy
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.1 Strategy Understanding and Architecture Design > Business and Enterprise Architecture Design
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.3 Management of Transformation Activities > Risk & Compliance

Enterprise Architecture & Administration​

  • Enterprise architecture - A well-defined practice for conducting enterprise analysis, design, planning, and implementation, using a comprehensive approach at all times, for the successful development and execution of strategy
    • TOGAF standard - A proven Enterprise Architecture methodology and framework used by the world's leading organizations to improve business efficiency
    • Zachman Framework - An ontology – a theory of the existence of a structured set of essential components of an object
    • ArchiMate - An open and independent modelling language for Enterprise Architecture that is supported by different tool vendors and consulting firms
      • Archi - A free, open source, cross-platform tool and editor to create ArchiMate models
  • Enterprise resource planning - The integrated management of main business processes, often in real time and mediated by software and technology
    • Customer relationship management - A strategic process that organizations use to manage, analyze, and improve their interactions with customers
      • EspoCRM - An open-source web application for managing and evaluating all company relationships
      • HubSpot - A customer platform that helps businesses grow by connecting their marketing, sales, and service tools to a shared database
      • Salesforce - A customer relationship management solution that brings companies and customers together, providing one integrated CRM platform for all departments
      • Zendesk - A customer service software and support ticket system that helps businesses build better customer relationships through multi-channel support
      • Atlas - A bespoke AI for customer support that delivers fast, accurate, and measurable support tailored to tools and workflows
      • SuiteCRM - A free and open-source Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software solution providing a 360-degree view of customers and business
    • Supply chain management - The management of the flow of goods and services, between businesses and locations, including the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption
    • Human resource management - The strategic and coherent approach to the effective and efficient management of of people in a company or organization such that they help their business gain a competitive advantage
      • Competence - The set of demonstrable characteristics and skills that enable and improve the efficiency or performance of a job
    • Contract management - The process of systematically and efficiently managing contract creation, execution, and analysis for the purpose of maximizing financial and operational performance and minimizing risk
    • E-commerce - The activity of electronically buying or selling products on online services or over the Internet
      • Shopify - A Canadian multinational e-commerce company that provides a proprietary e-commerce platform for online stores and retail point-of-sale systems
      • Stripe - A financial infrastructure platform for businesses that provides payment processing software and APIs for e-commerce websites and mobile applications
    • SAP ERP - A comprehensive software system that streamlines processes, improves productivity, and provides real-time insights across your entire organization
    • Odoo - A suite of open source business applications covering areas such as CRM, ERP, accounting, and more
    • ERPNext - A 100% open-source ERP with a modern, comprehensive, and user-friendly enterprise resource planning solution
  • Enterprise modeling - The process of building models of whole or part of an enterprise with process models, data models, resource models and or new ontologies
    • BPMN- A graphical notation for specifying business processes in a Business Process Diagram, providing a standard comprehensible to business users yet representing complex process semantics for technical users
    • SysML - A general-purpose graphical modeling language for specifying, analyzing, designing, and verifying complex systems that may include hardware, software, information, personnel, procedures, and facilities
    • Eclipse Capella - A powerful and extensible MBSE software tool that leverages a field-proven language and method to successfully design the architecture of complex systems
  • Business process change management
    • Organizational structure - A system that outlines how certain activities are directed in order to achieve the goals of an organization
    • Kotter's 8-step change model - A set of tools and strategies designed to help organizations effectively implement and sustain change
    • Prosci ADKAR Model - A goal-oriented change management model that guides individual and organizational change

Strategic Management​

  • Strategic management tools
    • MECE principle - The grouping principle for separating a set of items into subsets that are mutually exclusive (ME) and collectively exhaustive (CE)
    • SWOT analysis - A decision-making technique used in strategic planning and management that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of an organization or project
    • PEST analysis - A framework of external macro-environmental factors (political, economic, social and technological) used in strategic management and market research
    • Porter's five forces analysis - A method of analyzing the competitive environment of a business, rooted in industrial organization economics, that identifies five forces determining competitive intensity and industry attractiveness
  • Business intelligence and analysis tools
    • Tableau - The visual analytics platform that helps people see, understand, and act on data to solve problems
    • Metabase - The querying and visualization layer for your database, made to fit startup's production DB to massive data warehouses
    • Power BI - A unified, scalable platform for self-service and enterprise business intelligence
      • DAX - A programming language that is used throughout Microsoft Power BI for creating calculated columns, measures, and custom tables

Risk Management​

  • Risk management - The identification, evaluation, and prioritization of risks followed by coordinated and economical application of resources to minimize, monitor, and control the probability or impact of unfortunate events or to maximize the realization of opportunities
    • Business continuity planning - The process an organization undergoes to create a prevention and recovery system from potential threats such as natural disasters or cyber-attacks
      • IT disaster recovery - The process of resuming normal IT operations after a disruptive event, such as a natural disaster, cyberattack, or equipment failure
      • ISO 22301 (Business continuity management systems) - The international standard for business continuity management systems that specifies requirements to protect against, respond to, and recover from disruptive incidents
    • Project risk management - The process of identifying, analyzing, and then responding to any risk that arises over the life cycle of a project to help the project remain on track and meet its goal
    • Financial risk management - The practice of protecting economic value in a firm by managing exposure to financial risk - principally credit risk and market risk, as well as some aspects of operational risk
    • ISO 31000 (Risk management) - A set of international standards for risk management that provides a consistent vocabulary and methodology for assessing and managing risk

Enterprise AI & Productivity​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 2. Data Preparation & Utilization > 2.1 Strategic Utilization of Data and AI > Data / AI Utilization Strategy Design

General Autonomous Agents​

  • Claude Cowork - An agentic AI system for knowledge work that autonomously plans and executes multi-step tasks across files, documents, and web applications directly on your computer
  • OpenClaw - An open-source, self-hosted personal AI agent runtime that acts as a "Local OS for AI" by automating tasks across applications and platforms
  • NanoClaw - A lightweight alternative to OpenClaw that runs in containers for security, connects to messaging apps, and runs directly on Anthropic's Agent SDK
  • claw-empire - A local-first AI agent office simulator that orchestrates CLI, OAuth, and API-connected agents as a virtual autonomous company
  • Sistava - An AI employee platform for managing teams of AI workers collaborating through structured sprints, OKRs, and KPIs with persistent memory and real tool access

Enterprise AI Assistants​

  • Amazon Q Business - A generative AI-powered assistant for enterprises to find information, gain insights, and take action at work, integrating with company data and applications
  • Microsoft 365 Copilot - An AI assistant for work that supercharges productivity and creativity, reengineers business processes, and empowers you to securely transform your business into an AI-powered organization
  • Notion AI - An integrated AI assistant for workspaces that provides writing assistance, workspace Q&A, and autonomous agents for task automation
  • Gemini for Google Workspace - An AI-powered assistant for Docs, Gmail, Sheets, and Slides that helps you write, visualize, and organize your work across the platform
  • Claude for Enterprise - A secure and scalable way for organizations to use AI with administrative controls, single sign-on (SSO), and role-based access to Claude's latest models
  • ChatGPT Enterprise - An enterprise-grade AI assistant with unlimited higher-speed access to GPT-4, longer context windows, and advanced data analysis capabilities
  • Glean - An AI-powered search and assistant for the enterprise that connects to all of your company's apps and data to find exactly what you need

Self-Hosted AI Platforms​

  • Dify - An open-source LLM app development platform
  • OpenWebUI - An extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform designed to operate entirely offline

AI Agent Registries​

  • Agent Skills Registries
    • The Agent Skills Directory - An open agent skills ecosystem providing reusable capabilities for AI agents
    • Anthropic Agent Skills - A public repository containing Anthropic's implementation of skills for Claude, including instructions, scripts, and resources that enable specialized tasks and repeatable workflows
    • ClawHub - A community-driven marketplace and platform for discovering and sharing AI agent tools, skills, and plugins, hosting tens of thousands of community-created resources for building AI agents
    • SkillsMP (Skills Management Platform) - A community-driven marketplace designed for discovering and sharing modular AI agent capabilities based on the open SKILL.md standard
    • OpenClaw Skills - The largest open-source registry for community-driven AI tools designed for platforms like Claude Code and Cursor
  • MCP (Model Context Protocol) Registries
    • Official MCP Registry- A collection of official reference MCP server implementations maintained by the Model Context Protocol organization
    • MCP Registry - A searchable web directory of published MCP servers

Human-Centered Design​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.4 Design > Customer / User / Stakeholder Understanding
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.4 Design > Digital Product Design

Core Principles & User Experience (UX)​

  • Usability - The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction in a specified context of use
  • User interface design - A craft in which designers perform an important function in creating the user experience
  • Accessibility - The design of products, devices, services, or environments for people with disabilities
    • Accessibility Object Model (AOM) - A JavaScript API to allow developers to modify (and eventually explore) the accessibility tree for an HTML page
    • WAI-ARIA - The Accessible Rich Internet Applications suite of web standards
  • Prototyping
    • Paper prototyping - A widely used method in the user-centered design process, a process that helps developers to create software that meets the user's expectations and needs
    • Website wireframe - A skeletal outline of a webpage

Cognitive & Behavioral Psychology​

  • Psychological Models
    • Seven stages of action - An idealized description of the cognitive and physical steps an individual takes to achieve a goal
      • 1: Forming the target.
      • 2: Forming the intention.
      • 3: Specifying an action.
      • 4: Executing the action.
      • 5: Perceiving the state of the world.
      • 6: Interpreting the state of the world.
      • 7: Evaluating the outcome.
  • Cognitive Processes
    • Attention - The cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring other things
    • Metacognition - An awareness of one's thought processes and an understanding of the patterns behind them
  • Interaction Principles & Laws
    • Principle of least astonishment - A general principle that states that the result of performing some operation should be obvious, consistent, and predictable, based upon the name of the operation and other context
    • Affordance - A property of an object that indicates how it can be used
    • Stroop effect - A demonstration of interference in the reaction time of a task
    • Fitts's law - A predictive model of human movement primarily used in human–computer interaction and ergonomics

Visual Design & Typography​

  • Typography
    • Typography - The art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable and appealing when displayed
    • Web Typography - The use of fonts on the World Wide Web
    • Microsoft Typography - A comprehensive resource for font technology and typefaces, providing technical specifications, developer tools, and design guidelines for Microsoft products
  • Visual Foundations
    • Color space - A specific organization of colors
      • ICC profile - A set of data that characterizes a color input or output device, or a color space
        • sRGB - A standard RGB color space that HP and Microsoft created cooperatively in 1996 for use on monitors, printers, and the Internet
        • HSL and HSV - The two most common cylindrical-coordinate representations of points in an RGB color model
    • Lucide - A beautiful and consistent icon library for various platforms and frameworks
  • Font Rendering & Technologies
    • Font Standards
      • TrueType - An outline font standard developed by Apple and Microsoft in the late 1980s as a competitor to Adobe's Type 1 fonts used in PostScript
      • OpenType - A scalable computer font format developed by Microsoft and Adobe as an extension of the TrueType format, supporting advanced typographic features and multi-platform compatibility
      • WOFF (Web Open Font Format) - A font format for use in web pages, developed by Mozilla and others, that provides a compressed wrapper for TrueType and OpenType fonts to improve web performance
      • Variable Fonts - An evolution of the OpenType font specification that enables a single font file to behave like multiple fonts by defining variations in weight, width, and other axes
    • Open Fonts
      • Noto Fonts - A global font collection for all modern and ancient languages
      • Orbitron - A geometric sans-serif typeface intended for display purposes
    • Libraries & Engines
      • FreeType - A freely available software library to render fonts
      • HarfBuzz - A widely used open-source text-shaping engine that converts Unicode text into the glyphs and positions required for proper rendering across various scripts and languages
      • Pango - An open-source library for laying out and rendering of text, with an emphasis on internationalization and support for complex scripts
      • Fontconfig - A library for configuring and customizing font access, used primarily on Linux and other Unix-like systems to provide consistent font matching and substitution
    • Rendering Technologies & APIs
      • ClearType - A subpixel rendering technology developed by Microsoft to improve the readability of text on liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) by utilizing the individual subpixels of each pixel
      • DirectWrite - A high-performance text-layout and font-rendering API from Microsoft that supports hardware-accelerated rendering and high-quality typography for modern applications

Platforms, Frameworks & Guidelines​

  • Visual Design Tools
    • Claude Design - A visual design tool that lets users collaborate with Claude to create polished designs, prototypes, slides, and marketing materials through natural conversation and iterative refinement
    • Figma Design - A powerful, collaborative design tool for teams
    • Locofy.ai - Design to code in a flash
  • Design Systems & Guidelines
    • Material Design - Google's open-source design system for building beautiful, usable products
    • Apple HIG - A set of recommendations to help you create apps that look and behave consistently across all Apple platforms
    • GNOME HIG - A guide for creating high-quality, consistent, and usable applications for the GNOME desktop

Web Experience & Performance​

  • Responsive web design - An approach to web design that aims to make web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes
  • Core Web Vitals - The subset of Web Vitals that apply to all web pages, should be measured by all site owners, and will be surfaced across all Google tools
    • Largest Contentful Paint (LCP)
    • Interaction to Next Paint (INP)
    • Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS)

Systems Thinking: Economics, Game Theory & Finance​

Relevant DSS-P Skills
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.1 Strategy Understanding and Architecture Design > Understanding of Business Environment and Management Strategy
  • 1. Business Transformation > 1.1 Strategy Understanding and Architecture Design > Business Value Definition / ROI Estimation and Decision Support

Economics & Game Theory​

  • Market - A composition of systems, institutions, procedures, social relations or infrastructures whereby parties engage in exchange
  • Inflation - An increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time
  • Prospect theory - A theory of behavioral economics and behavioral finance which states that people make decisions based on the potential value of losses and gains rather than the final outcome
  • Sunk cost - A cost that has already been incurred and cannot be recovered
  • Principal–agent problem - The conflict in priorities between a person or group and the representative authorized to act on their behalf
  • Information asymmetry - A situation in which one party in a transaction has more or better information than the other
  • Induced demand - The phenomenon that after supply increases, more of a good is consumed
  • Metcalfe's law - The value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the square of the number of connected users of the system (n2)
    • Network effect - The phenomenon by which the value or utility a user derives from a good or service depends on the number of users of compatible products
  • Braess's paradox - The observation that adding one or more roads to a road network can slow down overall traffic flow through it
  • Nash equilibrium - A solution concept of a non-cooperative game involving two or more players in which each player is assumed to know the equilibrium strategies of the other players, and no player has anything to gain by changing only their own strategy
  • Pareto efficiency - A state of allocation of resources from which it is impossible to reallocate so as to make any one individual or preference criterion better off without making at least one individual or preference criterion worse off

Finance & Accounting​

  • Currency - A standardization of money in any form, in use or circulation as a medium of exchange
  • Interest - The payment from a debtor or deposit-taking financial institution to a lender or depositor of an amount above repayment of the principal sum (that is, the amount borrowed), at a particular rate
  • Central bank - An institution that manages the monetary policy of a country or monetary union
  • Revenue model - A framework for generating financial income
  • Financial capital - An economic resource measured in terms of money used by entrepreneurs and businesses to buy what they need to make their products or to provide their services
    • Venture capital - A form of private equity financing that is provided by venture capital firms or funds to startups, early-stage, and emerging companies that have been deemed to have high growth potential
  • Markets & Securities
    • Stock market - The aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks, which represent ownership claims on businesses
    • Stock - Shares that divide ownership of a corporation, representing fractional ownership and typically conferring rights to earnings, liquidation proceeds, or voting power
    • Dividend - The distribution of profits by a corporation to its shareholders from current year profit or retained earnings
  • Contracts
    • Credit - The trust which allows one party to provide money or resources to another party wherein the second party does not reimburse the first party immediately
    • Debt - An obligation that requires one party, the debtor, to pay money or otherwise return value to another party, the creditor
      • Discounting - A mechanism in which a debtor obtains the right to delay payments to a creditor, for a defined period of time, in exchange for a charge or fee
      • Bond - A type of security under which the issuer (debtor) owes the holder (creditor) a debt, and is obliged – depending on the terms – to repay the principal of the bond at the maturity date and pay interest over a specified time
    • Spot - A contract of buying or selling a commodity, security or currency for immediate settlement
    • Futures - A standardized legal contract to buy or sell something at a predetermined price for delivery at a specified time in the future
    • Option - A contract which conveys to its owner, the holder, the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific quantity of an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on or before a specified date
  • Cryptocurrency - A type of currency which uses digital files as money
  • Accounting Fundamentals
    • Asset - A resource owned or controlled by a business or economic entity that can be used to produce positive economic value
    • Liability - A quantity of value that a financial entity owes and is expected to deliver in the future to satisfy a present obligation arising from past events
    • Equity - An ownership interest in property that may be subject to debts or other liabilities, measured by subtracting liabilities from the value of assets owned
    • Revenue - The total amount of income generated by the sale of goods and services related to the primary operations of a business
    • Depreciation - The decrease in the value of assets and the method used to reallocate the cost of a tangible asset over its useful life span
    • Accrual - An accounting method that recognizes revenues and expenses when they are earned or incurred, not necessarily when cash is received or paid
  • Financial Statements & Metrics
    • Balance sheet - A summary of the financial balances of an individual or organization
    • Income statement - One of the financial statements of a company and shows the company's financial performance for a specific period of time
    • Cash flow statement - A financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and income affect cash and cash equivalents
    • Return on investment - The ratio between net income (over a period) and investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources at a point in time)
    • Net present value - A way of measuring the value of an asset that has cashflow by adding up the present value of all the future cash flows that asset will generate
    • EBITDA - A measure of a company's profitability of the operating business only, before any effects of indebtedness, state-mandated payments, and costs required to maintain its asset base
    • Operating margin - The ratio of operating income to net sales, usually expressed in percent
    • Burn rate - The rate at which a company consumes its cash, typically expressed monthly and used for startups to measure how fast a company will use up its shareholder capital
    • Liquidity - A market's feature whereby an individual or firm can quickly purchase or sell an asset without causing a drastic change in the asset's price
    • Valuation - The process of determining the value of a potential investment, asset, or security
  • Accounting Standards & Processes
    • Generally Accepted Accounting Principles - Accounting standards that prescribe in detail what accruals must be made, how financial statements are to be presented, and what additional disclosures are required
    • Audit - An independent examination of financial information of any entity conducted with a view to express an opinion thereon